Traditional examples of suppliers are metal stampers or plastic injection molders - businesses that manufacture parts to be used in a final good. Given the contribution of the supply chain economy to innovation and well-paying jobs, it is important to understand exactly what industries comprise this segment. These services are critical to the economy, as they allow businesses to store, process, and access important data. Cloud computing services, for example, are sold to more than 90% of U.S. Modern equivalents of semiconductors reside not just in goods but increasingly in services like cloud computing and enterprise software that have been transforming many industries. In fact, our analysis shows that semiconductors are sold to over 60% of U.S. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, a government and industry partnership called SEMATECH identified technical barriers and developed a roadmap for diffusing semiconductor technology, in what is considered one of the most successful industrial policy interventions in recent years. Think, for example, about the semiconductor, a general purpose technology, which went from an invention developed in the supply chain by Intel to being in almost every consumer technology imaginable. Why are supply chain industries the source of so many high-paying jobs and so much innovation? One reason is that supply chain industries have downstream linkages to multiple industries, which allows the innovations they create to cascade and diffuse across the economy, potentially increasing the value of those innovations. Patenting is also highly concentrated in supply chain industries. The intensity of Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) jobs, a proxy for innovation potential, is almost five times higher in the supply chain economy than in the B2C economy. These jobs have significantly higher than average wages, and account for much of the innovative activity in the economy. supply chain contains 37% of all jobs, employing 44 million people. It represents the industries that sell to businesses and the government, as opposed to business-to-consumer (B2C) industries that sell for personal consumption. supply chain economy is large and distinct. economy that reveals new ways to drive American growth and innovation. We attempted to answer these questions by creating a novel categorization of the U.S. supply chain economy, quantified the number and quality of jobs it contains, or assessed how much it matters for innovation. But for all of its importance, no one has identified what industries comprise the U.S. From Intel’s semiconductors to Microsoft’s enterprise software, the supply chain builds the goods and services that businesses need. supply chain is generally recognized as an integral part of the American economy.
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